TEMPAD are used in microwave applications when signal level control is required. It is an absorptive temperature compensating element which provides dissipation varying with the temperature. These devicies use at least two different resistors (thermistor).
   This is particularly useful for maintaing output of gain stage, mixer, power divider, amplifier and other signal processing componsents over temperature. A signal passive device which provides temperature compensated attenuation can replace the multiple components used.